MODEL EXPLICATIV PRIVIND STRESUL PARENTAL ȘI ORGANIZAȚIONAL ÎN PROFESIA DE ASISTENT MATERNAL
Cuvinte cheie:
asistenți maternali, stres parental, stres organizațional, identitate de rol, teoria identității.Rezumat
Studiul prezent urmărește dezvoltarea unui model explicativ al stresului asistenților maternali, pornind de la identificarea efectului percepției identității de rol principale asupra stresului și continuând cu modul în care experiențele relevante pentru rol și caracteristicile acestor evenimente au un impact asupra acestei relații. Scopul acestui studiu teoretic derivă din direcții de cercetare care pornesc de la teoria rolurilor, stresul profesional și stresul în asistența maternală. Stadiul actual al cunoașterii în domeniul asistenței maternale cu privire la stres aduce în prim plan stresul parental, dar cuprinde și clasificări ale potențialelor surse de stres care pot apărea în această profesie, aceste clasificări fiind o deschidere către conceptul de stres profesional. Astfel, modelul propus pornește de la identificarea în literatură a unei lacune privind înțelegerea adecvată a nevoilor actuale ale asistenților maternali și a consecințelor pe plan psihologic rezultate din complexitatea sarcinilor la locul de muncă. Analizând specificul activității profesionale a asistenților maternali, au fost desprinse două roluri pe care aceștia le dețin, și anume, rolul parental și rolul organizațional, care corespund în studiul prezent stresului parental și stresului organizațional. Cele două tipuri de stres au fost integrate în model ca fiind componente ale stresului la locul de muncă, ocupațional și organizațional. Înțelegerea tipului de stres cu care se confruntă asistenții maternali poate conduce profesioniștii din domeniul protecției copilului către includerea acestor angajați în programe adecvate de intervenție, identificarea timpurie a cauzelor ce duc la riscul de renunțare la activitate și diminuarea discrepanțelor între pregătirea asistentului maternal și cerințele profesionale.
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